Environmental Product Declaration
Top-90 - Upstand GRP
by VELUX
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for Top-90 - Upstand GRP, manufactured by VELUX. Declaration SmartEPD-2025-077-0564-01.1, prepared according to IBU Part B: Requirements on the EPD for Windows and Doors, valid until July 30, 2030.
- Declared unit
- 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2,3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1,23 m × 1,48 m)
- Valid until
- July 30, 2030
- PCR
- Windows and Doors
Declaration details
- Manufacturer
- VELUX
- Program operator
- Smart EPD
- Declaration number
- SmartEPD-2025-077-0564-01.1
- Date of issue
- July 30, 2025
- Valid until
- July 30, 2030
- Product category rules (PCR)
- IBU Part B: Requirements on the EPD for Windows and Doors (version 1.0/1.7/1.4)
- Standard
- ISO 14025:2006 and EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021
- Declared unit
- 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2,3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1,23 m × 1,48 m)
- System boundary
- Cradle to gate with other options (A1 - A3, A4, A5, C1 - C4, D)
- Product specificity
- Product Specific
- Manufacturing specificity
- Facility Specific
- Manufacturing plant
- Hüllhorst, DE (Weidehorst 28, 32609)
- Product category
- Openings › TranslucentWallAndRoofAssemblies
- Product service life
- 30 years
- Verifier
- Rifat Karim, Independent Consultant
- LCA software
- SimaPro 9.5
- Program instructions
- Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.2.0, March 2025
Life cycle assessment results
Results per 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2,3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1,23 m × 1,48 m).
Environmental Impact Assessment Results
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GWP-total | kg CO2 eq | 4.55e+1 | 2.78e-2 | 1.91e+0 | 0 | 2.19e-1 | 9.53e+0 | 1.68e-2 | -8.19e+0 |
| GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq | -5.49e+0 | 2.21e-5 | 5.04e-3 | 0 | 1.75e-4 | 4.85e+0 | 1.47e-2 | 5.31e-2 |
| GWP-fossil | kg CO2 eq | 5.09e+1 | 2.77e-2 | 1.90e+0 | 0 | 2.19e-1 | 4.68e+0 | 2.09e-3 | -8.24e+0 |
| GWP-luluc | kg CO2 eq | 6.12e-2 | 1.35e-5 | 1.85e-3 | 0 | 1.07e-4 | 4.86e-5 | 1.57e-6 | -1.88e-3 |
| ODP | kg CFC11 eq | 2.72e-6 | 6.30e-10 | 8.23e-8 | 0 | 4.98e-9 | 5.64e-9 | 4.86e-11 | -3.98e-7 |
| AP | mol H+ eq | 2.81e-1 | 6.87e-5 | 8.57e-3 | 0 | 5.42e-4 | 1.59e-3 | 1.49e-5 | -1.14e-2 |
| EP-freshwater | kg P eq | 1.38e-2 | 2.05e-6 | 4.18e-4 | 0 | 1.62e-5 | 3.64e-5 | 4.13e-7 | -1.68e-4 |
| EP-marine | kg N eq | 6.25e-2 | 1.87e-5 | 1.94e-3 | 0 | 1.48e-4 | 8.88e-4 | 6.58e-5 | -3.51e-3 |
| EP-terrestrial | mol N eq | 5.75e-1 | 1.92e-4 | 1.78e-2 | 0 | 1.52e-3 | 7.89e-3 | 5.90e-5 | -5.07e-2 |
| POCP | kg NMVOC eq | 2.21e-1 | 1.12e-4 | 6.81e-3 | 0 | 8.86e-4 | 1.99e-3 | 2.40e-5 | -1.92e-2 |
| ADP-minerals&metals | kg Sb eq | 1.98e-3 | 7.76e-8 | 5.94e-5 | 0 | 6.13e-7 | 3.09e-7 | 4.35e-9 | -2.35e-6 |
| ADP-fossil | MJ | 9.14e+2 | 4.21e-1 | 2.77e+1 | 0 | 3.33e+0 | 1.28e+0 | 4.48e-2 | -1.23e+2 |
| WDP | m3 depriv. | 2.69e+1 | 2.01e-3 | 8.23e-1 | 0 | 1.59e-2 | 1.72e-1 | 1.88e-3 | -1.56e-1 |
Resource Use Indicators
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERE | MJ | 1.73e+2 | 6.16e-3 | 5.18e+0 | 0 | 4.87e-2 | 4.58e-2 | 8.23e-4 | -3.19e+1 |
| PERM | MJ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PERT | MJ | 1.73e+2 | 6.16e-3 | 5.18e+0 | 0 | 4.87e-2 | 4.58e-2 | 8.23e-4 | -3.19e+1 |
| PENRE | MJ | 9.15e+2 | 4.21e-1 | 2.77e+1 | 0 | 3.33e+0 | 1.29e+0 | 4.48e-2 | -1.23e+2 |
| PENRM | MJ | 2.53e-1 | 1.78e-5 | 7.61e-3 | 0 | 1.40e-4 | 4.93e-5 | 1.48e-6 | -1.73e-3 |
| PENRT | MJ | 9.14e+2 | 4.21e-1 | 2.77e+1 | 0 | 3.33e+0 | 1.29e+0 | 4.48e-2 | -1.23e+2 |
| SM | kg | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| RSF | MJ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NRSF | MJ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FW | m3 | 7.15e-1 | 5.71e-5 | 2.20e-2 | 0 | 4.51e-4 | 5.90e-3 | 4.49e-5 | -1.02e-2 |
Waste and Output Flow Indicators
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWD | kg | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NHWD | kg | 8.21e-2 | 0 | 2.60e-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.67e-4 | 0 |
| RWD | kg | 1.08e-3 | 1.28e-7 | 3.24e-5 | 0 | 1.01e-6 | 5.62e-7 | 1.50e-8 | -8.99e-6 |
| CRU | kg | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| MFR | kg | 7.65e-1 | 0 | 4.47e-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.57e-2 | -3.74e-2 |
| MER | kg | 7.51e-1 | 0 | 5.67e-1 | 0 | 0 | 1.45e+1 | 0 | -1.50e+1 |
Carbon Emissions and Removals
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | A5 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bio Carbon Removal from Product | kg C | -1.61e+0 | 0 | -4.70e-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bio Carbon Emission from Product | kg C | 4.17e-2 | 0 | 4.70e-2 | 0 | 0 | 1.49e+0 | 7.84e-2 | 0 |
| Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging | kg C | -4.04e-1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging | kg C | 3.86e-1 | 0 | 1.79e-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source) | kg C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Calcination Carbon Removal | kg C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carbonation Carbon Emission | kg C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source) | kg C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ND = not declared. Life cycle modules: A1-A3 product stage, A4-A5 construction process, B use stage, C end of life, D benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.
Material composition
| Material/Component Category | Origin | % Mass |
|---|---|---|
| Blind rivets, nuts , screws, plates | EUN | 0.11 |
| Gaskets, washers | DEU | 13.29 |
| Upstand | DEU | 86.6 |
| Packaging material | Origin | Mass (kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Cardboard | 0.02 | |
| Pallet | 0.01 | |
| Plastic cover | 0.12 |
| Biogenic carbon content | kg C per m2 |
|---|---|
| Biogenic carbon content in product | 0.04 |
| Biogenic carbon content in accompanying packaging | 0.02 |
Hazardous substances
No regulated hazardous or dangerous substances are included in this product.
Scenarios
Transport to the building site (A4)
- Fuel type
- Diesel
- Vehicle type
- Truck and Trailer
- Transport distance
- 277 km
- Capacity utilization
- 33%
- Weight of products transported
- 14.81 kg
- Packaging mass
- 0.1555 kg
End of life (C1-C4)
- Collected with mixed construction waste
- 14.66 kg
- Recycling
- 0.01565 kg
- Landfill
- 0.1746 kg
- Incineration
- 14.47 kg
Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (D)
- Recycling rate of product
- 0.001068%
Product description
A glass-fibre-reinforced plastic upstand with polyurethane insulation. Pre-assembled and fully thermally decoupled, optionally designed for smoke and heat ventilation applications for Top 90 domes.
Interpretation
The manufacturing of the products in this analysis involves the direct procurement of raw materials from suppliers. These materials are then transported to manufacturing facilities in the EU where they are stored, processed, and combined to produce finished products. Notably, the product stage (stage 1) has the highest impact contribution, mainly attributed to the combined environmental impacts associated with raw material manufacturing and energy used in manufacturing the products.
For products with significant manufacturing energy impacts, the shift to renewable energy sources is recommended.
Given that the raw materials used in product manufacturing have a significant impact, exploration of opportunities to substitute these materials with alternatives that have a lower environmental impact. Additionally, consideration should be given to collaborating with suppliers who employ sustainable manufacturing techniques or integrate more renewable energy into their production processes. Such initiatives can lead to more environmentally friendly products and further enhance the sustainability of the products in this analysis.
LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks. EPDs are comparable only when they follow the same PCR, functional unit and system boundary. The full EPD (PDF) contains the methodology, scenario assumptions and verification statement.