Environmental Product Declaration

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted-flat 10 to 30 mm & Ridgelight 20 to 30 mm

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted-flat 10 to 30 mm & Ridgelight 20 to 30 mm, manufactured by VELUX. Declaration SmartEPD-2026-077-1121-01, prepared according to IBU PCR Part B: Requirements on the EPD for Windows and Doors v1.0/1.7/1.4, valid until October 22, 2031.

Download the EPD (PDF)

Declared unit: 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2.3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1.23 m × 1.48 m)
Valid until: October 22, 2031
PCR: IBU Part B: Windows and Doors v1.0/1.7/1.4

Declaration details

Manufacturer: VELUX
Program operator: Smart EPD
Declaration number: SmartEPD-2026-077-1121-01
Date of issue: October 22, 2026
Valid until: October 22, 2031
Product category rules (PCR): IBU PCR Part B: Requirements on the EPD for Windows and Doors v1.0/1.7/1.4
Standard: ISO 14025:2006 and EN 15804:2012+A2:2019/AC:2021
Declared unit: 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2.3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1.23 m × 1.48 m)
System boundary: Cradle to gate with other options (A1 - A3, A4, A5, C1 - C4, D)
Product specificity: Product Specific
Manufacturing specificity: Manufacturer Average, Facility Specific
Manufacturing plant: Østbirk (Østvej 2, Ostbirk, Denmark)
Product category: Openings › TranslucentWallAndRoofAssemblies
Product SKU: PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm (Reference); 2 5.4 kg/m2 PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – ridgelight – 20 mm; 25.0 kg/m2 PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – with horizontal Akrylic sheet – 30 mm; 23.5 kg/m2 PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – 30 mm; 15.0 kg/m2 PC Rooflight…
Verifier: Rifat Karim, Independent Consultant
LCA software: SimaPro 10.2
Program instructions: Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.2.0, March 2025

Life cycle assessment results

Results per 1 m2 of product of a window ≤ 2.3 m² (reference dimensions according to EN 17213: 1.23 m × 1.48 m).

Environmental Impact Assessment Results

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm; 25.4 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	2.53e+2	9.00e-1	5.00e-1	2.54e-1	2.57e+1	9.05e-3	-1.06e+2
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	8.98e-1	3.01e-4	1.09e-1	8.51e-5	1.69e-3	1.66e-6	-5.78e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	2.51e+2	9.00e-1	3.91e-1	2.54e-1	2.57e+1	9.05e-3	-1.06e+2
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	5.40e-1	4.39e-4	4.78e-6	1.24e-4	1.97e-4	1.08e-6	-2.63e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	1.07e-5	2.04e-8	4.90e-10	5.77e-9	2.65e-8	1.36e-10	-3.10e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	1.45e+0	2.23e-3	1.03e-4	6.29e-4	5.88e-3	8.17e-5	-6.11e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	8.36e-2	6.64e-5	1.60e-6	1.88e-5	7.74e-5	4.59e-7	-2.77e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	2.53e-1	6.07e-4	5.63e-5	1.71e-4	3.35e-3	3.67e-5	-1.01e-1
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	2.57e+0	6.23e-3	4.84e-4	1.76e-3	2.86e-2	3.98e-4	-1.05e+0
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	9.12e-1	3.64e-3	1.30e-4	1.03e-3	7.20e-3	1.20e-4	-3.34e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	1.32e-3	2.52e-6	2.92e-8	7.11e-7	1.24e-6	3.24e-9	7.02e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	3.48e+3	1.37e+1	1.30e-1	3.86e+0	4.82e+0	1.16e-1	-1.12e+3
WDP	m3 depriv.	6.50e+1	6.52e-2	1.77e-2	1.84e-2	1.16e+0	2.58e-4	-6.88e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 20 mm: 25.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	2.47e+2	8.86e-1	4.92e-1	2.51e-1	2.55e+1	8.97e-3	-1.03e+2
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	8.78e-1	2.96e-4	1.07e-1	8.40e-5	1.68e-3	1.64e-6	-5.51e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	2.45e+2	8.85e-1	3.85e-1	2.51e-1	2.55e+1	8.96e-3	-1.03e+2
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	5.24e-1	4.32e-4	4.71e-6	1.22e-4	1.96e-4	1.07e-6	-2.55e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	1.07e-5	2.01e-8	4.82e-10	5.70e-9	2.63e-8	1.35e-10	-3.07e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	1.41e+0	2.19e-3	1.01e-4	6.21e-4	5.83e-3	8.09e-5	-5.92e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	8.16e-2	6.53e-5	1.57e-6	1.85e-5	7.68e-5	4.55e-7	-2.68e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	2.46e-1	5.97e-4	5.54e-5	1.69e-4	3.33e-3	3.63e-5	-9.76e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	2.50e+0	6.13e-3	4.76e-4	1.74e-3	2.84e-2	3.95e-4	-1.02e+0
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	8.90e-1	3.58e-3	1.28e-4	1.01e-3	7.15e-3	1.19e-4	-3.24e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	1.30e-3	2.47e-6	2.87e-8	7.02e-7	1.24e-6	3.21e-9	6.79e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	3.42e+3	1.34e+1	1.28e-1	3.81e+0	4.78e+0	1.15e-1	-1.09e+3
WDP	m3 depriv.	6.39e+1	6.41e-2	1.74e-2	1.82e-2	1.15e+0	2.56e-4	-6.67e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – with horizontal Akrylic sheet – 30 mm; 23.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	2.23e+2	8.32e-1	4.62e-1	2.69e-1	3.12e+1	1.02e-2	-6.95e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	7.07e-1	2.79e-4	1.01e-1	8.99e-5	2.05e-3	1.88e-6	-2.62e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	2.22e+2	8.32e-1	3.62e-1	2.68e-1	3.12e+1	1.02e-2	-6.94e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	3.06e-1	4.06e-4	4.42e-6	1.31e-4	2.38e-4	1.22e-6	-1.47e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	6.97e-6	1.89e-8	4.53e-10	6.10e-9	3.21e-8	1.54e-10	-2.74e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	1.26e+0	2.06e-3	9.51e-5	6.65e-4	7.12e-3	9.25e-5	-3.48e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	5.09e-2	6.14e-5	1.48e-6	1.98e-5	9.36e-5	5.20e-7	-1.56e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	2.11e-1	5.61e-4	5.20e-5	1.81e-4	4.06e-3	4.15e-5	-5.89e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	2.03e+0	5.76e-3	4.47e-4	1.86e-3	3.47e-2	4.51e-4	-6.15e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	8.21e-1	3.36e-3	1.20e-4	1.09e-3	8.73e-3	1.36e-4	-2.01e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	8.50e-4	2.33e-6	2.70e-8	7.51e-7	1.50e-6	3.67e-9	3.80e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	3.23e+3	1.26e+1	1.20e-1	4.07e+0	5.80e+0	1.31e-1	-7.95e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	5.07e+1	6.03e-2	1.64e-2	1.95e-2	1.41e+0	2.92e-4	-4.37e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 30 mm; 15.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	1.44e+2	5.33e-1	2.96e-1	1.50e-1	1.51e+1	5.41e-3	-5.98e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	5.18e-1	1.78e-4	6.45e-2	5.02e-5	9.96e-4	9.92e-7	-2.54e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	1.43e+2	5.32e-1	2.32e-1	1.50e-1	1.51e+1	5.41e-3	-5.96e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	3.00e-1	2.60e-4	2.83e-6	7.32e-5	1.16e-4	6.43e-7	-1.46e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	6.89e-6	1.21e-8	2.90e-10	3.41e-9	1.56e-8	8.14e-11	-2.10e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	8.16e-1	1.32e-3	6.09e-5	3.71e-4	3.46e-3	4.88e-5	-3.42e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	4.75e-2	3.93e-5	9.47e-7	1.11e-5	4.55e-5	2.75e-7	-1.55e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	1.43e-1	3.59e-4	3.33e-5	1.01e-4	1.97e-3	2.19e-5	-5.64e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	1.45e+0	3.69e-3	2.86e-4	1.04e-3	1.68e-2	2.38e-4	-5.88e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	5.17e-1	2.15e-3	7.70e-5	6.06e-4	4.24e-3	7.17e-5	-1.88e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	7.75e-4	1.49e-6	1.73e-8	4.20e-7	7.32e-7	1.94e-9	3.83e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	2.02e+3	8.08e+0	7.68e-2	2.28e+0	2.83e+0	6.92e-2	-6.42e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	3.72e+1	3.86e-2	1.05e-2	1.09e-2	6.84e-1	1.54e-4	-3.58e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 30 mm; 10.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	1.01e+2	3.73e-1	2.07e-1	1.16e-1	1.31e+1	4.25e-3	-4.03e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	3.51e-1	1.25e-4	4.52e-2	3.90e-5	8.62e-4	7.80e-7	-3.03e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	1.00e+2	3.73e-1	1.62e-1	1.16e-1	1.31e+1	4.25e-3	-4.02e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	2.03e-1	1.82e-4	1.98e-6	5.68e-5	1.00e-4	5.05e-7	-9.60e-2
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	3.92e-6	8.47e-9	2.03e-10	2.64e-9	1.35e-8	6.40e-11	-8.35e-7
AP	mol H+ eq	5.63e-1	9.23e-4	4.27e-5	2.88e-4	2.99e-3	3.84e-5	-2.22e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	3.29e-2	2.75e-5	6.64e-7	8.59e-6	3.94e-5	2.16e-7	-9.97e-3
EP-marine	kg N eq	9.87e-2	2.52e-4	2.33e-5	7.85e-5	1.71e-3	1.72e-5	-3.69e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	1.00e+0	2.58e-3	2.01e-4	8.06e-4	1.46e-2	1.87e-4	-3.84e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	3.67e-1	1.51e-3	5.39e-5	4.70e-4	3.67e-3	5.63e-5	-1.23e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	5.57e-4	1.04e-6	1.21e-8	3.25e-7	6.33e-7	1.52e-9	2.66e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	1.46e+3	5.66e+0	5.38e-2	1.77e+0	2.44e+0	5.44e-2	-4.26e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	2.99e+1	2.70e-2	7.33e-3	8.44e-3	5.93e-1	1.21e-4	-2.99e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 20 mm; 12.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	1.27e+2	4.45e-1	2.47e-1	1.17e-1	1.08e+1	4.09e-3	-5.54e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	4.83e-1	1.49e-4	5.38e-2	3.92e-5	7.11e-4	7.50e-7	-2.35e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	1.27e+2	4.45e-1	1.93e-1	1.17e-1	1.08e+1	4.09e-3	-5.52e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	2.79e-1	2.17e-4	2.36e-6	5.70e-5	8.30e-5	4.86e-7	-1.41e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	5.77e-6	1.01e-8	2.42e-10	2.66e-9	1.11e-8	6.15e-11	-1.90e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	7.39e-1	1.10e-3	5.09e-5	2.89e-4	2.47e-3	3.69e-5	-3.28e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	4.26e-2	3.28e-5	7.91e-7	8.63e-6	3.25e-5	2.08e-7	-1.49e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	1.28e-1	3.00e-4	2.78e-5	7.89e-5	1.41e-3	1.66e-5	-5.38e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	1.31e+0	3.08e-3	2.39e-4	8.10e-4	1.20e-2	1.80e-4	-5.60e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	4.56e-1	1.80e-3	6.43e-5	4.73e-4	3.03e-3	5.42e-5	-1.78e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	6.62e-4	1.24e-6	1.44e-8	3.27e-7	5.24e-7	1.46e-9	3.69e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	1.71e+3	6.75e+0	6.42e-2	1.77e+0	2.03e+0	5.23e-2	-5.84e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	2.98e+1	3.22e-2	8.74e-3	8.48e-3	4.87e-1	1.17e-4	-3.24e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 20 mm; 8.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	8.83e+1	2.95e-1	1.64e-1	8.54e-2	8.88e+0	2.98e-3	-3.78e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	3.33e-1	9.87e-5	3.57e-2	2.86e-5	5.85e-4	5.47e-7	-3.01e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	8.77e+1	2.95e-1	1.28e-1	8.54e-2	8.88e+0	2.98e-3	-3.76e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	1.92e-1	1.44e-4	1.57e-6	4.16e-5	6.82e-5	3.55e-7	-9.58e-2
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	2.88e-6	6.69e-9	1.61e-10	1.94e-9	9.17e-9	4.49e-11	-6.66e-7
AP	mol H+ eq	5.10e-1	7.30e-4	3.37e-5	2.11e-4	2.03e-3	2.69e-5	-2.20e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	2.94e-2	2.18e-5	5.24e-7	6.30e-6	2.68e-5	1.51e-7	-9.94e-3
EP-marine	kg N eq	8.87e-2	1.99e-4	1.84e-5	5.76e-5	1.16e-3	1.21e-5	-3.63e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	9.02e-1	2.04e-3	1.59e-4	5.91e-4	9.90e-3	1.31e-4	-3.77e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	3.19e-1	1.19e-3	4.26e-5	3.45e-4	2.49e-3	3.95e-5	-1.20e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	4.61e-4	8.24e-7	9.57e-9	2.39e-7	4.31e-7	1.07e-9	2.66e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	1.19e+3	4.47e+0	4.25e-2	1.30e+0	1.67e+0	3.82e-2	-3.86e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	2.32e+1	2.14e-2	5.79e-3	6.19e-3	4.02e-1	8.51e-5	-2.79e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 10 mm: 9.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	1.10e+2	3.30e-1	1.84e-1	7.92e-2	6.30e+0	2.55e-3	-5.05e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	4.48e-1	1.11e-4	4.00e-2	2.65e-5	4.17e-4	4.68e-7	-3.13e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	1.09e+2	3.30e-1	1.44e-1	7.92e-2	6.30e+0	2.55e-3	-5.04e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	2.58e-1	1.61e-4	1.76e-6	3.86e-5	4.91e-5	3.03e-7	-1.36e-1
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	3.68e-6	7.50e-9	1.80e-10	1.80e-9	6.53e-9	3.84e-11	-1.24e-6
AP	mol H+ eq	6.57e-1	8.17e-4	3.78e-5	1.96e-4	1.45e-3	2.30e-5	-3.14e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	3.72e-2	2.44e-5	5.87e-7	5.84e-6	1.92e-5	1.29e-7	-1.43e-2
EP-marine	kg N eq	1.13e-1	2.23e-4	2.07e-5	5.34e-5	8.24e-4	1.03e-5	-5.11e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	1.15e+0	2.29e-3	1.78e-4	5.48e-4	7.04e-3	1.12e-4	-5.31e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	3.89e-1	1.33e-3	4.77e-5	3.20e-4	1.78e-3	3.38e-5	-1.67e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	5.28e-4	9.23e-7	1.07e-8	2.21e-7	3.09e-7	9.13e-10	3.67e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	1.36e+3	5.01e+0	4.76e-2	1.20e+0	1.20e+0	3.26e-2	-5.09e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	2.27e+1	2.39e-2	6.49e-3	5.74e-3	2.84e-1	7.27e-5	-3.24e+0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 10 mm: 6.2 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
GWP-total	kg CO2 eq	7.62e+1	2.18e-1	1.21e-1	5.50e-2	4.75e+0	1.74e-3	-3.53e+1
GWP-biogenic	kg CO2 eq	3.16e-1	7.30e-5	2.64e-2	1.84e-5	3.14e-4	3.19e-7	-2.99e-2
GWP-fossil	kg CO2 eq	7.57e+1	2.18e-1	9.47e-2	5.49e-2	4.75e+0	1.74e-3	-3.51e+1
GWP-luluc	kg CO2 eq	1.81e-1	1.06e-4	1.16e-6	2.68e-5	3.69e-5	2.07e-7	-9.57e-2
ODP	kg CFC11 eq	1.83e-6	4.95e-9	1.19e-10	1.25e-9	4.92e-9	2.62e-11	-5.00e-7
AP	mol H+ eq	4.59e-1	5.39e-4	2.49e-5	1.36e-4	1.09e-3	1.57e-5	-2.19e-1
EP-freshwater	kg P eq	2.59e-2	1.61e-5	3.88e-7	4.05e-6	1.44e-5	8.83e-8	-9.91e-3
EP-marine	kg N eq	7.88e-2	1.47e-4	1.36e-5	3.70e-5	6.21e-4	7.05e-6	-3.57e-2
EP-terrestrial	mol N eq	8.03e-1	1.51e-3	1.17e-4	3.80e-4	5.30e-3	7.66e-5	-3.70e-1
POCP	kg NMVOC eq	2.72e-1	8.81e-4	3.15e-5	2.22e-4	1.34e-3	2.31e-5	-1.16e-1
ADP-minerals&metals	kg Sb eq	3.65e-4	6.09e-7	7.08e-9	1.54e-7	2.32e-7	6.23e-10	2.67e-4
ADP-fossil	MJ	9.38e+2	3.31e+0	3.14e-2	8.33e-1	9.05e-1	2.23e-2	-3.46e+2
WDP	m3 depriv.	1.67e+1	1.58e-2	4.28e-3	3.98e-3	2.14e-1	4.96e-5	-2.58e+0

Resource Use Indicators

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm; 25.4 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	3.50e+2	2.00e-1	3.83e-3	5.64e-2	1.96e-1	9.56e-4	-8.77e+1
PERM	MJ	9.05e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	3.59e+2	2.00e-1	3.83e-3	5.64e-2	1.96e-1	9.56e-4	-8.77e+1
PENRE	MJ	3.48e+3	1.37e+1	1.30e-1	3.86e+0	4.82e+0	1.16e-1	-1.12e+3
PENRM	MJ	7.49e-1	5.76e-4	5.52e-6	1.63e-4	2.12e-4	1.36e-6	3.58e-2
PENRT	MJ	3.48e+3	1.37e+1	1.30e-1	3.86e+0	4.82e+0	1.16e-1	-1.12e+3
SM	kg	4.44e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	2.15e+0	1.85e-3	5.61e-4	5.23e-4	3.67e-2	6.21e-6	-3.59e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 20 mm: 25.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	3.42e+2	1.96e-1	3.77e-3	5.57e-2	1.94e-1	9.47e-4	-8.49e+1
PERM	MJ	8.87e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	3.51e+2	1.96e-1	3.77e-3	5.57e-2	1.94e-1	9.47e-4	-8.49e+1
PENRE	MJ	3.42e+3	1.34e+1	1.28e-1	3.81e+0	4.78e+0	1.15e-1	-1.09e+3
PENRM	MJ	7.37e-1	5.66e-4	5.43e-6	1.61e-4	2.10e-4	1.35e-6	3.46e-2
PENRT	MJ	3.42e+3	1.34e+1	1.28e-1	3.81e+0	4.78e+0	1.15e-1	-1.09e+3
SM	kg	4.35e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	2.11e+0	1.82e-3	5.52e-4	5.16e-4	3.65e-2	6.15e-6	-3.47e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – with horizontal Akrylic sheet – 30 mm; 23.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	2.37e+2	1.85e-1	3.54e-3	5.96e-2	2.37e-1	1.08e-3	-4.96e+1
PERM	MJ	9.42e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	2.46e+2	1.85e-1	3.54e-3	5.96e-2	2.37e-1	1.08e-3	-4.96e+1
PENRE	MJ	3.23e+3	1.26e+1	1.20e-1	4.07e+0	5.80e+0	1.31e-1	-7.95e+2
PENRM	MJ	4.77e-1	5.32e-4	5.10e-6	1.72e-4	2.55e-4	1.54e-6	1.87e-2
PENRT	MJ	3.23e+3	1.26e+1	1.20e-1	4.07e+0	5.80e+0	1.31e-1	-7.95e+2
SM	kg	2.59e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	1.54e+0	1.71e-3	5.19e-4	5.52e-4	4.46e-2	7.03e-6	-2.02e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 30 mm; 15.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	2.00e+2	1.18e-1	2.27e-3	3.33e-2	1.15e-1	5.72e-4	-4.90e+1
PERM	MJ	4.86e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	2.05e+2	1.18e-1	2.27e-3	3.33e-2	1.15e-1	5.72e-4	-4.90e+1
PENRE	MJ	2.02e+3	8.08e+0	7.68e-2	2.28e+0	2.83e+0	6.92e-2	-6.42e+2
PENRM	MJ	4.39e-1	3.41e-4	3.27e-6	9.60e-5	1.24e-4	8.12e-7	2.04e-2
PENRT	MJ	2.02e+3	8.08e+0	7.68e-2	2.28e+0	2.83e+0	6.92e-2	-6.42e+2
SM	kg	2.59e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	1.22e+0	1.10e-3	3.32e-4	3.09e-4	2.16e-2	3.71e-6	-1.90e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 30 mm; 10.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	1.39e+2	8.28e-2	1.59e-3	2.58e-2	9.96e-2	4.49e-4	-3.19e+1
PERM	MJ	4.32e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	1.43e+2	8.28e-2	1.59e-3	2.58e-2	9.96e-2	4.49e-4	-3.19e+1
PENRE	MJ	1.46e+3	5.66e+0	5.38e-2	1.77e+0	2.44e+0	5.44e-2	-4.26e+2
PENRM	MJ	3.20e-1	2.39e-4	2.29e-6	7.45e-5	1.07e-4	6.38e-7	1.18e-2
PENRT	MJ	1.46e+3	5.66e+0	5.38e-2	1.77e+0	2.44e+0	5.44e-2	-4.26e+2
SM	kg	1.71e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	9.52e-1	7.67e-4	2.33e-4	2.39e-4	1.87e-2	2.92e-6	-1.46e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 20 mm; 12.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	1.78e+2	9.87e-2	1.89e-3	2.60e-2	8.23e-2	4.32e-4	-4.71e+1
PERM	MJ	3.62e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	1.81e+2	9.87e-2	1.89e-3	2.60e-2	8.23e-2	4.32e-4	-4.71e+1
PENRE	MJ	1.71e+3	6.75e+0	6.42e-2	1.78e+0	2.03e+0	5.23e-2	-5.84e+2
PENRM	MJ	3.73e-1	2.85e-4	2.73e-6	7.49e-5	8.91e-5	6.13e-7	2.01e-2
PENRT	MJ	1.71e+3	6.75e+0	6.42e-2	1.77e+0	2.03e+0	5.23e-2	-5.84e+2
SM	kg	2.49e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	1.01e+0	9.14e-4	2.77e-4	2.41e-4	1.54e-2	2.80e-6	-1.79e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 20 mm; 8.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	1.21e+2	6.54e-2	1.25e-3	1.90e-2	6.77e-2	3.15e-4	-3.17e+1
PERM	MJ	3.13e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	1.24e+2	6.54e-2	1.25e-3	1.90e-2	6.77e-2	3.15e-4	-3.17e+1
PENRE	MJ	1.19e+3	4.47e+0	4.25e-2	1.30e+0	1.67e+0	3.82e-2	-3.86e+2
PENRM	MJ	2.63e-1	1.89e-4	1.81e-6	5.46e-5	7.33e-5	4.48e-7	1.23e-2
PENRT	MJ	1.19e+3	4.47e+0	4.25e-2	1.30e+0	1.67e+0	3.82e-2	-3.86e+2
SM	kg	1.71e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	7.77e-1	6.06e-4	1.84e-4	1.76e-4	1.27e-2	2.05e-6	-1.42e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 10 mm: 9.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	1.51e+2	7.33e-2	1.41e-3	1.76e-2	4.84e-2	2.69e-4	-4.52e+1
PERM	MJ	2.36e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	1.54e+2	7.33e-2	1.41e-3	1.76e-2	4.84e-2	2.69e-4	-4.52e+1
PENRE	MJ	1.36e+3	5.01e+0	4.76e-2	1.20e+0	1.20e+0	3.26e-2	-5.09e+2
PENRM	MJ	2.97e-1	2.11e-4	2.03e-6	5.07e-5	5.27e-5	3.82e-7	1.91e-2
PENRT	MJ	1.36e+3	5.01e+0	4.76e-2	1.20e+0	1.20e+0	3.26e-2	-5.09e+2
SM	kg	2.43e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	8.24e-1	6.79e-4	2.06e-4	1.63e-4	8.99e-3	1.75e-6	-1.82e-1

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 10 mm: 6.2 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
PERE	MJ	1.04e+2	4.84e-2	9.27e-4	1.22e-2	3.64e-2	1.84e-4	-3.16e+1
PERM	MJ	1.96e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PERT	MJ	1.06e+2	4.84e-2	9.27e-4	1.22e-2	3.64e-2	1.84e-4	-3.16e+1
PENRE	MJ	9.38e+2	3.31e+0	3.14e-2	8.33e-1	9.05e-1	2.23e-2	-3.46e+2
PENRM	MJ	2.07e-1	1.39e-4	1.34e-6	3.51e-5	3.97e-5	2.61e-7	1.27e-2
PENRT	MJ	9.38e+2	3.31e+0	3.14e-2	8.33e-1	9.05e-1	2.23e-2	-3.46e+2
SM	kg	1.72e+0	0	0	0	0	0	0
RSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NRSF	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
FW	m3	6.03e-1	4.48e-4	1.36e-4	1.13e-4	6.78e-3	1.19e-6	-1.39e-1

Waste and Output Flow Indicators

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm; 25.4 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	2.43e-1	0	4.20e-2	0	0	3.16e+0	0
RWD	kg	4.03e-3	4.16e-6	5.40e-8	1.18e-6	2.43e-6	1.36e-8	-2.85e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	1.52e+0	0	3.69e-2	0	1.11e+1	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	1.23e+1	0	2.62e+0	0	1.63e+2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 20 mm: 25.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	2.40e-1	0	4.13e-2	0	0	3.13e+0	0
RWD	kg	3.97e-3	4.09e-6	5.31e-8	1.16e-6	2.41e-6	1.35e-8	-2.76e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	1.49e+0	0	3.63e-2	0	1.08e+1	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	1.22e+1	0	2.58e+0	0	1.62e+2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – with horizontal Akrylic sheet – 30 mm; 23.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	2.52e-1	0	3.88e-2	0	0	3.58e+0	0
RWD	kg	2.39e-3	3.85e-6	4.99e-8	1.24e-6	2.93e-6	1.55e-8	-1.71e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	1.14e+0	0	3.41e-2	0	6.62e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	1.38e+1	0	2.43e+0	0	1.98e+2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 30 mm; 15.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	1.50e-1	0	2.48e-2	0	0	1.89e+0	0
RWD	kg	2.36e-3	2.46e-6	3.19e-8	6.94e-7	1.43e-6	8.16e-9	-1.61e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	9.01e-1	0	2.19e-2	0	6.62e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	7.41e+0	0	1.55e+0	0	9.59e+1	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 30 mm; 10.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	9.89e-2	0	1.74e-2	0	0	1.48e+0	0
RWD	kg	1.68e-3	1.73e-6	2.24e-8	5.38e-7	1.23e-6	6.41e-9	-1.04e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	5.61e-1	0	1.53e-2	0	3.43e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	5.50e+0	0	1.09e+0	0	8.31e+1	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 20 mm; 12.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	1.22e-1	0	2.07e-2	0	0	1.43e+0	0
RWD	kg	2.03e-3	2.06e-6	2.67e-8	5.41e-7	1.02e-6	6.16e-9	-1.53e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	8.16e-1	0	1.82e-2	0	6.44e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	5.70e+0	0	1.30e+0	0	6.84e+1	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 20 mm; 8.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	7.28e-2	0	1.37e-2	0	0	1.04e+0	0
RWD	kg	1.41e-3	1.36e-6	1.77e-8	3.95e-7	8.40e-7	4.50e-9	-1.01e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	4.98e-1	0	1.21e-2	0	3.43e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	3.87e+0	0	8.60e-1	0	5.64e+1	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 10 mm: 9.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	8.01e-2	0	1.54e-2	0	0	8.90e-1	0
RWD	kg	1.65e-3	1.53e-6	1.98e-8	3.66e-7	6.02e-7	3.84e-9	-1.44e-4
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	6.71e-1	0	1.35e-2	0	5.63e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	3.56e+0	0	9.63e-1	0	4.00e+1	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 10 mm: 6.2 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A4	A5	C2	C3	C4	D
HWD	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
NHWD	kg	4.69e-2	0	1.02e-2	0	0	6.08e-1	0
RWD	kg	1.14e-3	1.01e-6	1.31e-8	2.54e-7	4.53e-7	2.62e-9	-9.87e-5
CRU	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
MFR	kg	4.36e-1	0	8.94e-3	0	3.44e+0	0	0
MER	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EE	MJ	2.26e+0	0	6.35e-1	0	3.01e+1	0	0

Carbon Emissions and Removals

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm; 25.4 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-9.53e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	8.40e-1	1.14e-1
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 20 mm: 25.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-9.34e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	8.22e-1	1.12e-1
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) – vaulted – with horizontal Akrylic sheet – 30 mm; 23.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-9.89e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	8.84e-1	1.05e-1
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 30 mm; 15.0 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-5.12e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	4.45e-1	6.73e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 30 mm; 10.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-4.54e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	4.07e-1	4.72e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 20 mm; 12.5 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-3.83e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	3.26e-1	5.62e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 20 mm; 8.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-3.29e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	2.92e-1	3.73e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - vaulted - 10 mm: 9.3 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-2.51e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	2.09e-1	4.18e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - flat - 10 mm: 6.2 kg/m2
Indicator	Unit	A1-A3	A5
Bio Carbon Removal from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Product	kg CO2	0	0
Bio Carbon Removal from Packaging	kg CO2	-2.07e-1	0
Bio Carbon Emission from Packaging	kg CO2	1.79e-1	2.76e-2
Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0
Calcination Carbon Removal	kg CO2	0	0
Carbonation Carbon Emission	kg CO2	0	0
Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufacturing (non-renewable source)	kg CO2	0	0

ND = not declared. Life cycle modules: A1-A3 product stage, A4-A5 construction process, B use stage, C end of life, D benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.

Material composition

Product composition
Material/Component Category	Origin	% Mass
Aluminum profile	DK	36.42
Fasteners	DK	0.09
Glazing	DK	48.03
Polymers parts	DK	12.19
Sealing, gaskets	DK	3.28

Packaging
Packaging material	Origin	Mass (kg)
Cardboard	DK	0.02
Pallet	DK	0.02
Plastic cover	DK	0.12

Biogenic carbon
Biogenic carbon content	kg C per m2
Biogenic carbon content in product	0
Biogenic carbon content in accompanying packaging	0.02

Hazardous substances

No regulated hazardous or dangerous substances are included in this product.

Scenarios

Transport to the building site (A4)

Fuel type: Diesel
Vehicle type: Truck and Trailer
Transport distance: 350 km
Capacity utilization: 33%
Weight of products transported: 25.67 kg
Packaging mass: 0.2695 kg

End of life (C1-C4)

Collected separately: 25.4 kg
Recycling: 11.15 kg
Landfill: 3.161 kg
Incineration: 11.09 kg

Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (D)

Recycling rate of product: 43.89%

Product description

A cost-conscious polycarbonate multiwall rooflight for industrial and warehouse buildings, available in vaulted, flat or ridge profiles and installed at 0 to 25° pitch depending on profile. Set in extruded aluminium profiles in natural finish with welded corners, butyl gasketing at the aluminium/polycarbonate interface, and an internal thermal break that improves U-value and limits condensate ingress, it offers 10 mm, 20 mm, or 30 mm multiwall glazing with a UV-protected surface, in clear, opal, or grey through-coloured finishes. Available as fixed or openable, with possibility for double-flap configurations on the vaulted profile, and configured for smoke exhaust and fire ventilation per DS/EN 12101-2, with dual-purpose (Re50) certification allowing daily comfort ventilation alongside fire safety use. This EPD represents polycarbonate multiwall rooflights in vaulted, flat, and ridge profiles with 10, 20, and 30 mm glazing. Results for all variations are reported using the most conservative variant (PC Rooflight (PC-ovenlys) - ridgelight - 30 mm) as the reference. This EPD represents only the Rooflight. See separate EPD for Upstands.

Interpretation

The manufacturing of the products in this analysis involves the direct procurement of raw materials from suppliers. These materials are then transported to manufacturing facilities in the EU where they are stored, processed, and combined to produce finished products. Notably, the product stage (stage 1) has the highest impact contribution, mainly attributed to the environmental impacts associated with raw material manufacturing.

Given that the raw materials used in product manufacturing have a significant impact, exploration of opportunities to substitute these materials with alternatives that have a lower environmental impact. Additionally, consideration should be given to collaborating with suppliers who employ sustainable manufacturing techniques or integrate more renewable energy into their production processes. Such initiatives can lead to more environmentally friendly products and further enhance the sustainability of the products in this analysis.

LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks. EPDs are comparable only when they follow the same PCR, functional unit and system boundary. The full EPD (PDF) contains the methodology, scenario assumptions and verification statement.