Unfabricated Steel Pipe and Tube

Declaration details

Manufacturer

Bull Moose Tube Company

Program operator

Smart EPD

Declaration number

SmartEPD-2026-159-1128-01

Date of issue

November 5, 2026

Valid until

November 5, 2031

Product category rules (PCR)

Smart EPD® Part B PCR for Designated Steel Construction Products, 1000-008 v3.0

Standard

ISO 14025:2006 and ISO 21930:2017

Declared unit

1 metric ton of product

System boundary

Cradle to gate (A1 - A3)

Product specificity

Product Average

Manufacturing specificity

Manufacturer Average, Facility Specific

Manufacturing plants

Casa Grande (1001 N Jefferson Ave, Casa Grande, AZ 85122, USA); Chicago Heights (555 E 16th St, Chicago Heights, IL 60411, USA); Elkhart (29851 County Road 20, Elkhart, IN, USA); Gerald (406 East Industrial Drive, Gerald, MO 63037, USA); Masury (1433 Standard Ave, Masury, OH 44438, USA); Sinton (8534 Hwy 89, Sinton, TX, USA); Trenton (195 North Industrial Boulevard, Trenton, GA 30752, USA)

Product category

Steel › StructuralSteel › HollowSections

Product SKU

System boundary option: Manufactured product Form factor: Hollow Sections Production route representation: BOF and EAF Steel type: Carbon/Alloy

Verifier

Sevda Alanya Rosenbaum

LCA software

SimaPro 10.2

Program instructions

Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.2.0, March 2025

Life cycle assessment results

Results per 1 metric ton of product.

Environmental Impact Assessment Results

Resource Use Indicators

Waste and Output Flow Indicators

Carbon Emissions and Removals

ND = not declared. Life cycle modules: A1-A3 product stage, A4-A5 construction process, B use stage, C end of life, D benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.

Material composition

Hazardous substances

No regulated hazardous or dangerous substances are included in this product.

Product description

Steel tubes and pipes covered under this declaration represent hollow structural sections (HSS), mechanical tube, pipe piling and sprinkler pipe. These products can have circular, square, or rectangular cross sections, and are widely used in building, bridge and industrial projects. Bull Moose Tube produces HSS in the range of 1” to 14” square (and rectangular and round equivalents), with wall thickness of 0.065” to 0.750”. Bull Moose produces mechanical tube in the range of 0.5” to 2.5” square (and rectangular and round equivalents), with wall thickness of 0.049” to 0.134”. Bull Moose Tube produces Sprinkler Pipe from 1” NPS to 10” NPS, wall thickness of Bull Moose sprinkler pipe includes Schedule 10, Schedule 30 and Schedule 40 as well as engineered wall thicknesses. Bull Moose Tube produces Pipe Pile from 5.563” to 18” outer diameter round, with wall thickness of 0.188” to 0.750”.

Interpretation

The figure shows the contribution (%) of the modules to all impact categories for one metric ton of EAF and BOF steel tube and pipe products for each of the Bull Moose sites. These environmental hotspots show which life cycle stage contributes greatest (and least) to the cradle-to-gate system boundary.

The results indicate that module A1 (steel making) is the most significant contributor to all impact categories, contributing 67-99% of impacts.

Burdens associated with modules A2 (inbound transportation) and A3 (manufacturing) are also notable, but to a much lesser extent than A1 (raw material supply) and are negligible for several impact categories.

For Module A2 (inbound transportation), contributions remain consistently low across all sites and impact categories, typically accounting for <5% of total impacts. Slightly higher contributions are observed for certain impact categories such as AP and EP, due to transport-related emissions such as NOₓ and SOₓ, from fuel combustion.

However, Casa Grande represents a notable exception, where A2 contributes a significantly larger share across several impact categories (GWP, AP, EP and SFP). This is driven by substantially higher inbound transport activity, particularly rail transport, associated with long-distance supply of raw materials to the site, resulting in elevated transport-related emissions relative to other sites.

Module A3 encompasses processes such as electricity and fuel consumption, packaging materials like plastic banding and wood pallets, waste disposal, and lubricant oil use. Within A3, wood packaging stands out as a significant factor in the GWP – biogenic and GWP – land use and land use change categories, due to biogenic carbon flows and emissions from wood production. Electricity use within module A3 is a primary driver for categories like AP, EP, and SFP, especially at sites where A3 has a larger impact (notably Casa Grande and Chicago Heights).

For the remaining sites (Elkhart, Gerald, Masury, Sinton, and Trenton), the results are more consistent, with module A1 contributing >90–95% for most impact categories.

Note: A collection of manufacturer-average and/or facility-specific EPDs is insufficient for setting benchmarks and thresholds unless production volumes are taken into account. Benchmarking and threshold setting efforts shall also consider that some manufacturer-average data and facility-specific data may be represented in Industry-average EPDs and may result in double counting of the same data.