Environmental Product Declaration
KI Unite Panel System
Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for KI Unite Panel System, manufactured by Krueger International. Declaration SmartEPD-2026-124-0795-01, prepared according to NSF BIFMA PCR for Office Furniture Workspace Products: UNCPC 3814, v.2, valid until March 27, 2031.
- Functional unit
- 1 m2 of workspace for a 10-year period of product
- Valid until
- March 27, 2031
- PCR
- Office Furniture Workspace Products
Declaration details
- Manufacturer
- Krueger International
- Program operator
- Smart EPD
- Declaration number
- SmartEPD-2026-124-0795-01
- Date of issue
- March 27, 2026
- Valid until
- March 27, 2031
- Product category rules (PCR)
- NSF BIFMA PCR for Office Furniture Workspace Products: UNCPC 3814, v.2 (version 2)
- Standard
- ISO 21930:2017
- Functional unit
- 1 m2 of workspace for a 10-year period of product
- System boundary
- Cradle to gate with other options (A1 - A3, A4, B1, B4, C1 - C4)
- Product specificity
- Product Specific
- Manufacturing specificity
- Facility Specific
- Manufacturing plant
- KI - Manitowoc Manufacturing Facility (1400 South 41st Street, Manitowoc, WI, USA)
- Product category
- Furnishings › WorkSurfaces
- Product SKU
- Unite Panel System: UMFR2464/F/DP/FN/S1SLS1/S1SLS2
- Verifier
- Vijay Thakur, Individual Verifier
- LCA software
- Earthster 1.7
- Program instructions
- Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.2.0, March 2025
Life cycle assessment results
Results per 1 m2 of workspace for a 10-year period of product.
Environmental Impact Assessment Results
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | B1 | B4 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GWP-total | kg CO2 eq | 5.03e+1 | 3.94e+0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.07e-1 | 1.77e+0 | 4.47e-1 | 5.66e+1 |
| GWP-biogenic | kg CO2 eq | 8.89e-2 | 8.80e-4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.39e-5 | 1.34e-4 | 1.30e-1 | 2.20e-1 |
| ODP | kg CFC 11 eq | 6.71e-7 | 5.65e-8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.53e-9 | 1.16e-9 | 2.19e-9 | 7.32e-7 |
| AP | kg SO2 eq | 2.09e-1 | 1.21e-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.29e-4 | 5.21e-4 | 5.00e-4 | 2.22e-1 |
| EP | kg N eq | 2.13e-1 | 6.10e-3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.65e-4 | 6.31e-4 | 1.36e-1 | 3.56e-1 |
| POCP | kg O3 eq | 3.40e+0 | 2.95e-1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.00e-3 | 1.54e-2 | 1.37e-2 | 3.73e+0 |
Resource Use Indicators
| Indicator | Unit | A1-A3 | A4 | B1 | B4 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RPRE | MJ | 5.16e+1 | 7.59e-1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.06e-2 | 2.28e-2 | 2.01e-2 | 5.24e+1 |
| RPRM | MJ | 8.06e+0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.06e+0 |
| RPRT | MJ | 5.97e+1 | 7.59e-1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.06e-2 | 2.28e-2 | 2.01e-2 | 6.05e+1 |
| NRPRE | MJ | 4.31e+2 | 5.43e+1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.47e+0 | 7.92e-1 | 1.73e+0 | 4.89e+2 |
| NRPRM | MJ | 1.72e+2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.72e+2 |
| NRPRT | MJ | 6.03e+2 | 5.43e+1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.47e+0 | 7.92e-1 | 1.73e+0 | 6.61e+2 |
| RE | MJ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.35e+0 | 0 | 2.35e+0 |
| FW | m3 | 3.40e-1 | 7.26e-3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.97e-4 | 2.28e-3 | -1.05e-2 | 3.39e-1 |
| SM | kg | 7.54e+0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.54e+0 |
ND = not declared. Life cycle modules: A1-A3 product stage, A4-A5 construction process, B use stage, C end of life, D benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.
Material composition
| Material/Component Category | Origin | Material weight (kg) | Mass % of product | Post consumer % | Post consumer weight (kg) | Pre-consumer % | Pre-consumer weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polyester (Textile) | Dallas, TX | 0.99 | 6.34% | 35% | 0.35 | 65% | 0.64 |
| Steel | Minneapolis, MN | 2.52 | 16.14% | 25% | 0.63 | 0% | 0 |
| Foam | Dallas, TX | 0.05 | 0.29% | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 |
| Steel | Waterbury, CT | 0.92 | 5.87% | 25% | 0.23 | 0% | 0 |
| Steel | Chicago, IL | 0.25 | 1.60% | 25% | 0.06 | 0% | 0 |
| Steel | Merrill, WI | 0.47 | 2.99% | 25% | 0.12 | 0% | 0 |
| Steel | Markesan, WI | 0.04 | 0.25% | 25% | 0.01 | 0% | 0 |
| Steel | Racine, WI | 7.20 | 46.15% | 25% | 1.80 | 0% | 0 |
| Nylon | Mississauga, ON Canada | 0.08 | 0.53% | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 |
| Aluminum | Alexandria, MN | 0.48 | 3.10% | 0% | 0 | 10% | 0.05 |
| Nylon | Dongguan, Hong Kong | 0.07 | 0.47% | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 |
| Fiberglass | Grand Rapids, MI | 2.53 | 16.20% | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 |
| Polycarbonate | Mountain, WI | 0.01 | 0.08% | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 |
| Packaging material | Origin | Mass (kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Cardboard | Minneapolis, MN | 0.51 |
| Plastic | Green Bay, WI | 0.32 |
| Biogenic carbon content | kg C per m2 of workspace for a 10-year period |
|---|---|
| Biogenic carbon content in product | 0 |
| Biogenic carbon content in accompanying packaging | 0.255 |
Hazardous substances
No regulated hazardous or dangerous substances are included in this product.
Scenarios
Transport to the building site (A4)
- Fuel type
- Diesel
- Vehicle type
- Truck - Heavy-duty Diesel
- Transport distance
- 1250 km
- Capacity utilization
- 78%
- Weight of products transported
- 7,605
End of life (C1-C4)
- Collected with mixed construction waste
- 15.61 kg
- Recycling
- 4.27 kg
- Landfill
- 9.08 kg
- Incineration
- 2.26 kg
Product description
For the product family below, a representative product was chosen for this study based on material type and amount utilized per functional unit. Specifically, models with additional features were chosen and when several materials options were available (i.e. wood vs plastic vs metal vs textile), the material with the highest global warming potential was chosen to be a conservative estimate due to the market demand for embodied carbon data. Because sizing can also vary, it was determined that on a functional unit basis and combined with the feature and material choices, these models were deemed worst-case scenario. Actual material content and features can vary.
Unite Panel System is the unifying element that bridges the gap between architecture and loose furniture. As a complete systems solution, it responds to space-planning shifts with an extensive offering of panels, finishes, worksurfaces, storage and accessories. Unite features preconfigured monolithic panels, base options and stackers; segmented and gallery panels’ freestanding or integrated storage and worksurfaces. The representative product (UMFR2464/F/DP/FN/S1SLS1/S1SLS2) is a monolithic fabric panel with a standard base and fabric tiles on both sides.
Interpretation
A dominance analysis was conducted across all products in the LCA to identify which life cycle stages contributed most significantly to environmental impacts. For KI's Unite Panel System, the majority of the impacts were concentrated in the production phase (A1-A3), which encompasses material acquisition and raw material pre-processing. A further breakdown within this phase revealed that steel and aluminum materials were the primary contributors to these impacts - largely due to the substantial quantity of steel used and its relatively high environmental footprint per kilogram compared to other materials.
LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks. EPDs are comparable only when they follow the same PCR, functional unit and system boundary. The full EPD (PDF) contains the methodology, scenario assumptions and verification statement.